3,002 research outputs found
Exercise rehabilitation for recovery from critical illness (Protocol)
Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, UK.
As part of an ongoing research education programme.This is the protocol for a review and there is no abstract. The objectives are as follows:
The objective of this systematic review is to assess the effectiveness of exercise rehabilitation programmes, initiated after ICU discharge, on improving functional exercise capacity and quality of life in adult ICU survivors who have been mechanically ventilated for more than 24 hours.
We will compare an exercise intervention to any other intervention or a control or 'usual care' programme. Exercise includes any structured or taught programmes. Respiratory or inspiratory muscle training is excluded due to it being initiated within the ICU environment, for example with weaning from a ventilator, and not as post-discharge rehabilitation as required for this review.sch_phyAngus 1997
Angus, DC. Understanding the incidence and long-term outcomes
of ARDS. In: Gullo, A editor(s). Anaesthesia, pain, intensive care
and emergency medicine: a scientific report. Berlin Heidelberg New
York: Springer, 1997:289-98.
Angus 2003
Angus DC, Carlet J, Brussels Roundtable 2002 Participants.
Surviving intensive care: a report from the 2002 Brussels
Roundtable. Intensive Care Medicine 2003;29(3):368-77.
[PUBMED: 12536269 ]
Baumgartner 1999
Baumgartner WA,Walinsky PL, Salazar JD, Tseng EE, Brock MV,
Doty JR, et al.Assessing the impact of cerebral injury after cardiac
surgery: will determining the mechanism reduce the injury?. The
Annals of Thoracic Surgery 1999;67(6):1871-3. [PUBMED:
10391329]
Brown 1990
Brown AB, McCartney N, Sale DG. Positive adaptation to weightlifting
in the elderly. Journal of Applied Physiology 1990;69(5):
1725-33. [PUBMED: 2272965]
Burtin 2009
Burtin C, Clerckx B, Robbeets C, Ferdinande P, Langer D,
Troosters T, et al.Early exercise in critically ill patients enhances
short-term functional recovery. Critical Care Medicine 2009;37(9):
2499-505. [PUBMED: 19623052]
Chaboyer 2003
Chaboyer W, Grace J. Following the path of ICU survivors: a
quality improvement activity. Nursing in Critical Care 2003;8(4):
149-55. [PUBMED: 12940690]
Eddleston 2000
Eddleston J, White P, Guthrie E. Survival, morbidity, and quality of
life after discharge from intensive care. Critical Care Medicine 2000;
28(7):2293-9. [PUBMED: 10921555]
Elliott 2006
Elliott D, McKinley S, Alison J, Aitken L, King M. Study protocol:
Home-based rehabilitation for survivors of a critical illness. Critical
Care 2006;10(3):R90. [PUBMED: 16792792 ]
Fiatarone 1994
Fiatarone MA, O'Neill EF, Ryan ND, Clements KM, Solares GR,
Nelson ME, et al.Exercise training and nutritional supplementation
for physical frailty in very elderly people. New England Journal of
Medicine 1994;330(25):1769-75. [PUBMED: 8190152]
Fletcher 2003
Fletcher S, Kennedy D, Ghosh I, Misra V, Kiff K, et al.Persistant
neuromuscular and neurophysiological abnormalities in long-term
survivors of prolonged critical illness. Critical Care Medicine 2003;
31(4):1012-6. [PUBMED: 12682465]
Frank 2000
Frank M, Schlapfer H, Otte B, Yasikoff N, Conzelmann M. Results
of neurorehabilitation. An outcome study 20 months after stroke.
Praxis 2000;89(44):1799-808. [PUBMED: 11109917]
Gill 2002
Gill TM, Baker DI, Gottschalk M, Peduzzi PN, Allore H, Byers A.
A program to prevent functional decline in physically frail, elderly
persons who live at home. New England Journal of Medicine 2002;
347(14):1068-74. [PUBMED: 12362007]
Grimby 1986
Grimby G. Physical activity and muscle training in the elderly. Acta
Medica Scandinavica. Supplementum. 1986;711:233-7.
[PUBMED: 3535411]
Guyatt 2008
Guyatt GH, Oxman AD, Kunz R, Vist GE, Falck-Ytter Y,
Schunemann HJ, et al.What is quality of evidence- and why is it
important to clinicians?. BMJ 2008;336:995-8. [PUBMED:
18456631]
Higgins 2008
Higgins JPT, Green S, editors. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic
Reviews of Interventions Version 5.0.1 [updated September 2008].
Available from www.cochrane-handbook.org: The Cochrane
Collaboration, 2008.
Iversen 2003
Iversen MD, Fossel AH, Katz JN. Enhancing function in older
adults with chronic low back pain: a pilot study of endurance
training. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2003;84
(9):1324-31. [PUBMED: 13680569]
Jolliffe 2001
Jolliffe J, Rees K, Taylor RRS, Thompson DR, Oldridge N,
Ebrahim S. Exercise-based rehabilitation for coronary heart disease.
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2001, Issue 1. [DOI:
10.1002/14651858.CD001800.]
King 1998
King J, Crowe J. Mobilisation practices in Canadian critical care
units. Physiotherapy Canada 1998;50(3):206-11. [MEDLINE:
0346574]
Kouidi 2002
Kouidi E. Exercise training in dialysis patients: why, when, and
how?. Artificial Organs 2002;26(12):1009-13. [PUBMED:
12460377]
Krishnan 2002
Krishnan KR, Delong M, Kraemer H, Carney R, Spiegel D,
Gordon C, et al.Comorbidity of depression with other medical
diseases in the elderly. Biological Psychiatry 2002;52(6):559-88.
[PUBMED: 12361669]
Lavie 2009
Lavie CJ, Thomas RJ, Squires RW, Allison TG, Milani RV. Exercise
training and cardiac rehabilitation in primary and secondary
prevention of coronary heart disease. Mayo Clinic Proceedings 2009;
84(4):373-83. [PUBMED: 19339657]
Lewis 2003
Lewis M. Intensive care unit rehabilitation within the United
Kingdom: a review. Physiotherapy 2003;89(9):531-8. [DOI:
10.1016/S0031-9406(05)60179-4]
Martin 2005
Martin M, Salim A, Murray J, Demetriades D, Belzberg H, Rhee P.
The decreasing incidence and mortality of acute respiratory distress
syndrome after injury: a 5-year observational study. Journal of
Trauma 2005;50(5):1107-13. [PUBMED: 16385287]
Mazzeo 2001
Mazzeo RS, Tanaka H. Exercise prescription for the elderly: current
recommendations. Sports Medicine 2001;31(11):809-18.
[PUBMED: 11583105]
Miller 2002
Miller MD, Crotty M, Giles LC, Bannerman E, Whitehead C,
Cobiac L, et al.Corrected arm muscle area: an independent
predictor of long-term mortality in community dwelling older
adults?. Journal of the America Geriatrics Society 2002;50(7):
1272-7. [PUBMED: 12133024]
Paffenbarger 1986
Paffenbarger RS, Hyde RT, Wing AL, Hseih CC. Physical activity,
all-cause mortality, and longevity of college alumni. New England
Journal of Medicine 1986;314(10):605-13. [PUBMED: 3945246]
Puhan 2006
Puhan MA, Busching G, Schunemann HJ, VanOort E, Zaugg C,
Frey M. Interval versus continuous high-intensity exercise in
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized trial. Annals
of Internal Medicine 2006;145(11):816-25. [PUBMED:
17146066]
Rantanen 2000
Rantanen T, Harris T, Leveille SG, Visser M, Foley D, et al.Muscle
strength and body mass index as long-term predictors of mortality
in initially healthy men. Journal of Gerontology. Series A: Biological
Sciences and Medical Sciences 2000;55(3):M168-73. [PUBMED:
10795731]
RevMan 5.0
The Nordic Cochrane Centre, The Cochrane Collaboration.
Review Manager (RevMan). 5.0. Copenhagen: The Nordic
Cochrane Centre, The Cochrane Collaboration, 2008.
Schweickert 2009
Schweickert WD, Pohlman MC, Pohlman AS, Nigos C, Pawlik AJ,
Esbrook CL, et al.Early physical and occupational therapy in
mechanically ventilated, critically ill patients: a randomised
controlled trial. Lancet 2009;373(epub):1874-82. [PUBMED:
19446324]
Smith 2006
Smith TP, Kennedy SL, Smith M, Orent S, Fleshner M.
Physiological improvements and health benefits during an exercisebased
comprehensive rehabilitation program in medically complex
patients. Exercise Immunology Review 2006;12:86-96. [PUBMED:
17201074]
Stiller 2000
Stiller K. Physiotherapy in intensive care: toward an evidence-based
practice. Chest 2000;118(6):1801-13. [PUBMED: 11115476]
Storch 2008
Storch EK, Kruszynski DM. From rehabilitation to optimal
function: role of clinical exercise therapy. Current Opinion in
Critcal Care 2008;14(4):451-5. [PUBMED: 18614911]
Wiles 2009
Wiles L, Stiller K. Passive limb movements for patients in an
intensive care unit: A survey of physiotherapy practice in Australia.
Journal of Critical Care 2009;epub:ahead of print. [PUBMED:
19819105]
Yoshida 1999
Yoshida T, Kohzuki M, Yoshida K, Hiwatari M, Kamimoto M,
Yamamoto C, et al.Physical and psychological improvements after
phase II cardiac rehabilitation in patients with myocardial
infarction. Nursing & Health Sciences 1999;1(3):163-70.
[PUBMED: 10894639]
Indicates the major publication for the study8pub1756pubArt.
Evaluation of radiometric and geometric characteristics of LANDSAT-D imaging system
With vegetation masked and noise sources eliminated or minimized, different carbonate facies could be discriminated in a south Florida scene. Laboratory spectra of grab samples indicate that a 20% change in depth of the carbonate absorption band was detected despite the effects of atmospheric absorption. Both bright and dark hydrothermally altered volcanic rocks can be discriminated from their unaltered equivalents. A previously unrecognized altered area was identified on the basis of the TM images. The ability to map desert varnish in semi-arid terrains has economic significance as it defines areas that are less susceptible desert erosional process and suitable for construction development
The Psychopathic Personality: Measurement, Variants, And Utility Of The Construct
Antisocial behaviors (AB), which place an enormous burden on society, are committed by a heterogeneous population, including psychopaths (Poythress et al., 2010). Psychopathy denotes a more serious and entrenched pattern of AB (Hare, 1996) and appears to be a heterogeneous construct as well. In fact, Primary and Secondary psychopathic variants are consistently identified in a variety of samples using person-centered analysis (Drislane et al., 2014; Gill & Stickle, 2016). Both Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (Gray & McNaughton, 2000) and the Triarchic Model of Psychopathy (Patrick, Fowles, & Krueger, 2009) provide useful frameworks to understand the etiology of the psychopathic variants. The current study identified Primary and Secondary Trait groups in a sample of criminally justice involved adults (N = 377), which differed on measures of negative emotionality. However, the Psychopathic trait groups did not differ on the boldness or meanness domains of the Triarchic Model (Patrick, Fowles & Kreuger). The disinhibition domain of the Triarchic model was significantly associated with aggression, and this association was partially mediated by levels of anxiety. Anxiety is an important dimension to assess in research, evaluation, and treatment of individuals with high levels of antisocial behavior.
Keywords: Psychopathy, variants, Triarchic, measurement, antisocial behavio
Gauge transformations in the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formalisms of generally covariant theories
We study spacetime diffeomorphisms in Hamiltonian and Lagrangian formalisms
of generally covariant systems. We show that the gauge group for such a system
is characterized by having generators which are projectable under the Legendre
map. The gauge group is found to be much larger than the original group of
spacetime diffeomorphisms, since its generators must depend on the lapse
function and shift vector of the spacetime metric in a given coordinate patch.
Our results are generalizations of earlier results by Salisbury and
Sundermeyer. They arise in a natural way from using the requirement of
equivalence between Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formulations of the system, and
they are new in that the symmetries are realized on the full set of phase space
variables. The generators are displayed explicitly and are applied to the
relativistic string and to general relativity.Comment: 12 pages, no figures; REVTeX; uses multicol,fancyheadings,eqsecnum;
to appear in Phys. Rev.
Keep it Simple? Predicting Primary Health Care Costs with Measures of Morbidity and Multimorbidity
In this paper we investigate the relationship between patients’ primary care costs (consultations, tests, drugs) and their age, gender, deprivation and alternative measures of their morbidity and multimorbidity. Such information is required in order to set capitation fees or budgets for general practices to cover their expenditure on providing primary care services. It is also useful to examine whether practices’ expenditure decisions vary equitably with patient characteristics. Electronic practice record keeping systems mean that there is very rich information on patient diagnoses. But the diagnostic information (with over 9000 possible diagnoses) is too detailed to be practicable for setting capitation fees or practice budgets. Some method of summarizing such information into more manageable measures of morbidity is required. We therefore compared the ability of eight measures of patient morbidity and multimorbidity to predict future primary care costs using data on 86,100 individuals in 174 English practices. The measures were derived from four morbidity descriptive systems (17 chronic diseases in the Quality and Outcomes Framework (QOF), 17 chronic diseases in the Charlson scheme, 114 Expanded Diagnosis Clusters (EDCs), and 68 Adjusted Clinical Groups (ACGs)). We found that, in general, for a given disease description system, counts of diseases and sets of disease dummy variables had similar explanatory power and that measures with more categories did better than those with fewer. The EDC measures performed best, followed by the QOF and ACG measures. The Charlson measures had the worst performance but still improved markedly on models containing only age, gender, deprivation and practice effects. Allowing for individual patient morbidity greatly reduced the association of age and cost. There was a pro-deprived bias in expenditure: after allowing for morbidity, patients in areas in the highest deprivation decile had costs which were 22% higher than those in the lowest deprivation decile. The predictive ability of the best performing morbidity and multimorbidity measures was very good for this type of individual level cross section data, with R2 ranging from 0.31 to 0.46. The statistical method of estimating the relationship between patient characteristics and costs was less important than the type of morbidity measure. Rankings of the morbidity and multimorbidity measures were broadly similar for generalised linear models with log link and Poisson errors and for OLS estimation. It would be currently feasible to combine the results from our study with the data on the number of patients with each QOF disease, which is available on all practices in England, to calculate budgets for general practices to cover their primary care costs.multimorbidity; primary care; utilisation; costs; deprivation; budgets
- …